END OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC - BEGINNING OF ROMAN EMPIRE (27 BC)
Octavian defeats Cleopatra and Marc Antony at the Battle of Actium and takes the title of Augustus (exalted one) to become the first Roman emperor.
FIRST ROMAN EMPEROR (27 BC - 14 AD)
The first Roman emperor was Augustus and he had many accomplishments; two of his most important accomplishments were:
1.) He imported grain from Africa and distributed it to the poor. He did this so that the poor people didn't turn against him and kill him.
2.) He made the tax collectors permanent government officials and paid them regular wages. He did that because the tax collectors used to be dishonest and take more money for themselves.
JULIO-CLAUDIAN EMPERORS (14 AD - 68 AD)
The Julio-Claudian emperors were:
-Tiberius
-Caligula
-Claudius
-Nero
YEAR OF THE FOUR EMPERORS' (69 AD)
Nero- He killed himself in 68 AD
Galba- His supporters turned on him and killed him
Otho- He fought Vitellius and lost and was killed
Vitellius- Vespasian's friends fought Vitellius and he died
YEAR OF THE FIVE EMPERORS' (193 AD)FALL OD
Pertinax- He was assassinated by the Praetorian Guard
Didius Julianus- He was decapitated by Septimius Severus
Pescennius Niger- Septimius Severus killed him in a battle
Clodius Albinus- He was defeated by Septimius Severus in the battle of Lugdunum
Septimius Severus- He became seriously ill and died
YEAR OF THE SIX EMPERORS' (238 AD)
Maximum Thrax- His Praetorian Guard assassinated him
Gordian I- He hung himself after hearing his son had died
Gordian II- He was killed in the battle of Carthage
Pupienus- He was tortured and then murdered by his Praetorian Guard
Balbinus- He was also tortured and then murdered by his Praetorian Guard
Gordian III- The Persians attacked and he died during the battle
DIOCLETIAN (284 AD - 304 AD)
- Established property and income taxes to pay for roads, bridges, sewers, and defense
- He established a tetrarchy ton govern Rome (A tetrarchy means to rule by four)
- He split the empire into West and East parts, they both had there own emperor
- Augustus, the emperor, adopted his emperor in training, Ceaser, as his own son, thereby establishing a dynasty. This solves the problem of succession because now everyone knows who will be emperor.
THEODOSIUS (375 AD - 395 AD)
- He outlawed the Gladiator games
- He decided that Christianity would be the only legal religion
- Now anybody that was not a Christian had to worship in secret and had the threat of being arrested, tortured, or even killed
CONSTANTINE (306 AD - 337 AD)
- He was the Edict of Milan
- He changed his religion to Christanity
FALL OF THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE (476 AD)
In 476 AD an empire named Flavius Odoavacer, or Odoacer, a germanic soldier took power of the Western Roman Empire. He forced the crown from the former emperor, Romulus Augustulus, and the empire lost a lot of power. They never had the strength to rise again.
7 REASONS FOR THE DECLINE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE (476 AD)
1) Non-citizen Roman army
2) Christianity becomes intolerant of other religions
3) Too big too govern
4) Too big to defend
5) Barbarian invaders
6) Taxes were too high
7) The wealthy were not doing their fair share
Octavian defeats Cleopatra and Marc Antony at the Battle of Actium and takes the title of Augustus (exalted one) to become the first Roman emperor.
FIRST ROMAN EMPEROR (27 BC - 14 AD)
The first Roman emperor was Augustus and he had many accomplishments; two of his most important accomplishments were:
1.) He imported grain from Africa and distributed it to the poor. He did this so that the poor people didn't turn against him and kill him.
2.) He made the tax collectors permanent government officials and paid them regular wages. He did that because the tax collectors used to be dishonest and take more money for themselves.
JULIO-CLAUDIAN EMPERORS (14 AD - 68 AD)
The Julio-Claudian emperors were:
-Tiberius
-Caligula
-Claudius
-Nero
YEAR OF THE FOUR EMPERORS' (69 AD)
Nero- He killed himself in 68 AD
Galba- His supporters turned on him and killed him
Otho- He fought Vitellius and lost and was killed
Vitellius- Vespasian's friends fought Vitellius and he died
YEAR OF THE FIVE EMPERORS' (193 AD)FALL OD
Pertinax- He was assassinated by the Praetorian Guard
Didius Julianus- He was decapitated by Septimius Severus
Pescennius Niger- Septimius Severus killed him in a battle
Clodius Albinus- He was defeated by Septimius Severus in the battle of Lugdunum
Septimius Severus- He became seriously ill and died
YEAR OF THE SIX EMPERORS' (238 AD)
Maximum Thrax- His Praetorian Guard assassinated him
Gordian I- He hung himself after hearing his son had died
Gordian II- He was killed in the battle of Carthage
Pupienus- He was tortured and then murdered by his Praetorian Guard
Balbinus- He was also tortured and then murdered by his Praetorian Guard
Gordian III- The Persians attacked and he died during the battle
DIOCLETIAN (284 AD - 304 AD)
- Established property and income taxes to pay for roads, bridges, sewers, and defense
- He established a tetrarchy ton govern Rome (A tetrarchy means to rule by four)
- He split the empire into West and East parts, they both had there own emperor
- Augustus, the emperor, adopted his emperor in training, Ceaser, as his own son, thereby establishing a dynasty. This solves the problem of succession because now everyone knows who will be emperor.
THEODOSIUS (375 AD - 395 AD)
- He outlawed the Gladiator games
- He decided that Christianity would be the only legal religion
- Now anybody that was not a Christian had to worship in secret and had the threat of being arrested, tortured, or even killed
CONSTANTINE (306 AD - 337 AD)
- He was the Edict of Milan
- He changed his religion to Christanity
FALL OF THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE (476 AD)
In 476 AD an empire named Flavius Odoavacer, or Odoacer, a germanic soldier took power of the Western Roman Empire. He forced the crown from the former emperor, Romulus Augustulus, and the empire lost a lot of power. They never had the strength to rise again.
7 REASONS FOR THE DECLINE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE (476 AD)
1) Non-citizen Roman army
2) Christianity becomes intolerant of other religions
3) Too big too govern
4) Too big to defend
5) Barbarian invaders
6) Taxes were too high
7) The wealthy were not doing their fair share